> # F Developing ODBC Applications for Internationalization

> This appendix provides an overview of how to design your applications for internationalization. Refer to the SequeLink Administrator's Guide for information about internationalization, localization, and Unicode.

> Software that has been designed for internationalization can manage different linguistic and cultural conventions transparently and without additional modification. Software that has been designed for localization includes language translation, cultural data, and other components for meeting regional market requirements.

> Although Unicode was developed to expand the number of available characters and ultimately to simplify data access in a world-wide setting, these goals have not been fully realized. The character set has been expanded, but data access still involves a number of conversions. This is because Unicode must be able to work with existing ANSI applications and because database vendors make data available in a number of different Unicode encoding formats, including UCS-2, UTF-16, and UTF-8.

> ODBC drivers and the ODBC Driver Manager are the components responsible for processing function call and data encoding conversions. Developers of these components must code them to be able to recognize the type of function call and the various Unicode encoding schemes, and to make the appropriate conversions. The drivers and Driver Manager must make these conversions; Unicode data in a database can be accessed only by W function calls, and ANSI data can only be accessed by standard, non-W function calls.

> Application developers, on the other hand, need only consider whether a Unicode or ANSI application is most appropriate for a particular circumstance and code their function calls appropriately-W function calls, such as SQLConnectW, for Unicode, or standard function calls, such as SQLConnect, for ANSI. They can also code an application to switch dynamically between Unicode and ANSI calls.

> As Unicode applications and data become more prevalent, and more agreements are reached concerning encoding and implementation of Unicode, data access will become more efficient as the need for function call and data conversion is reduced.

> References:

> Java Internationalization: An Overview, John O'Connor, http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Intl/
> IntlIntro/

> Unicode Support in the Solaris Operating Environment, May 2000, Sun Microsystems, Inc., 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, CA 94303-4900